Every Preference Survey Since 1990 Favours Traditional Architecture

Robert Kwolek assembles the visual preference survey literature, from the method's 1979 origin in Metuchen, New Jersey, through to studies run since 2020 that use AI image editing to hold everything but style constant. Across that body of work traditional buildings are preferred by margins of 60 to 90 per cent, and the margin holds across age, gender, politics, class and nationality. His closing problem is the gap between that consistency and a profession whose schools teach modernism and whose commissions go contemporary.